Dollar rises and closes at R$5.15, at its highest level in two months; Ibovespa drops to 169 thousand points

Understand what makes the price of the dollar rise or fall
The dollar ended this Friday's session (5) up 1.78%, quoted at R$ 5.1566 - the highest level since April 2, when it closed at R$ 5.1594. Ibovespa, the main index on the Brazilian stock exchange, fell 0.77% and closed at 169,019 points, below 170,000 points for the first time since January.
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▶ New employment data from the United States took center stage this Friday. According to information from the American Department of Labor, the country recorded strong job creation in May, with 172 thousand new vacancies in the month, well above the market's expectations of 85 thousand new positions.
The data is important because it reinforces the perspective that the Federal Reserve (American central bank) should keep interest rates in the USA at high levels to control inflation. Understand more.
➡ Interest policy in the USA also has repercussions in Brazil. With rates at a high level, pressure is growing for Selic, the Brazilian basic interest rate, to remain at a high level for longer, in addition to generating effects on the exchange rate and the level of foreign investment in the country.
▶ Tensions in the Middle East also influenced financial markets. This Friday, Lebanon accused Iran of using the country as a "bargaining chip" in negotiations with the US. The country once again suffered air strikes from Israel and, four days ago, Tehran's diplomatic spokesman conditioned any type of agreement with the American government on the interruption of Israeli bombings on Lebanese territory.
Even so, oil prices fell on the international market. Around 5 pm, a barrel of Brent, an international reference, had fallen 2.16%, quoted at US$ 92.98. West Texas Intermediate (WTI), from the USA, fell 2.96%, to US$ 90.29 per barrel.
See below more details of the day in the market.
Dollar

a
Accumulated for the week: +2.26%;
Accumulated for the month: +2.26%;
Accumulated for the year: -6.05%.
Ibovespa

Accumulated for the week: -1.99%;
Accumulated for the month: -1.99%;
Accumulated for the year: +5.71%.
Employment and interest rates in the USA
The American economy recorded another month of rising employment in May, confirming that the job market remains strong. According to data from the US Department of Labor, the country registered an increase of 172,000 non-agricultural jobs last month.
The result represents a slowdown compared to April, when the country registered 179,000 new jobs (revised number), but it still marks a result well above what was expected by the market, which projected the creation of 85,000 jobs.
Why is the number important?
Strong employment data in the US indicates that the job market is heated and could put upward pressure on American inflation. As a result, the tendency is for the Fed, the country's central bank, to keep interest rates high for longer, to try to contain prices.
The high interest rate scenario in the USA, in turn, has different effects on the world - including in Brazil. This is because, with higher interest rates, foreign investors tend to reallocate resources to the largest economy in the world, in search of higher yields and greater security.
As a result, the dollar tends to appreciate in relation to the currencies of other economies in the world - including the real - and the Brazilian stock market tends to fall.
When the dollar is higher, imported products become more expensive in Brazil, which can put pressure on domestic inflation, especially in items such as fuel and electronics. With higher prices here, the tendency is for this scenario to also result in higher interest rates in Brazil, making credit more expensive and limiting economic growth.
Impact in the Middle East continues
More than three months after the US and Israel launched attacks against Iran, the conflict is at an impasse.

(follow the main developments)
This week, the military advisor to Iran's supreme leader also warned of the possibility of more missile and drone attacks if the United States renews its attacks against Iran.
"Every shot fired and every attack will be responded to with a barrage of missiles and drones," Mohsen Rezaei published on of Qeshm, which launched retaliatory attacks against Kuwait and Bahrain. The attack caused damage to Kuwait's airport, leaving 1 dead and more than 60 injured.
President Trump, in turn, was optimistic about the negotiations - even in the midst of ceasefire violations. According to the American president, Iran has agreed not to have nuclear weapons.
Trump also highlighted that the Iranian supreme leader, Motjaba Khamenei, is involved in the negotiations and said he wants to meet him at some point.
In addition, the attacks between Lebanon and Israel were also at the center of the geopolitical debate. This week, Iran conditioned any agreement with the US on a ceasefire in the region.
President Trump even stated, last Wednesday, that the two countries had agreed to a truce. A few hours after the announcement, however, Israeli strikes killed at least four people in Lebanese territory.
Global markets
New US employment data and tensions in the Middle East were also reflected in global markets. In the United States, Wall Street's three main indices closed sharply lower this Friday.
The Dow Jones fell 1.35%, while the S&P 500 fell 2.43% and the Nasdaq Composite lost 4.18%.
In Europe, most stock exchanges closed lower. The pan-European STOXX 600 index fell 0.3% in the session, to 622.66 points, and is down 0.5% for the week.
Among the region's main indices, the German DAX fell 0.75%, while the French CAC-40 fell 0.32% and the British FTSE 100 gained 0.07%.
In Asia, China's stock exchanges closed the week down as investors took profits in artificial intelligence stocks. The Shanghai Composite index fell 0.7%, while the CSI 300 lost 1.8%.
In Hong Kong, the Hang Seng fell 1.5%. Japan's Nikkei fell 1.6% and South Korea's Kospi, with a strong presence of technology stocks, fell 7%.
Dollar notes.
Rick Wilking/Reuters

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